Curvature function and coarse graining

A classic theorem in the theory of connections on principal fiber bundles states that the evaluation of all holonomy functions gives enough information to characterize the bundle structure (among those sharing the same structure group and base manifold) and the connection up to a bundle equivalence map. This result and other important properties of holonomy functions has encouraged their use as the primary ingredient for the construction of families of quantum gauge theories. However, in these applications often the set of holonomy functions used is a discrete proper subset of the set of holonomy functions needed for the characterization theorem to hold. We show that the evaluation of a discrete set of holonomy functions does not characterize the bundle and does not constrain the connection modulo gauge appropriately. We exhibit a discrete set of functions of the connection and prove that in the abelian case their evaluation characterizes the bundle structure (up to equivalence), and constrains the connection modulo gauge up to "local details" ignored when working at a given scale. The main ingredient is the Lie algebra valued curvature function $F_S (A)$ defined below. It covers the holonomy function in the sense that $\exp{F_S (A)} = {\rm Hol}(l= \partial S, A)$.Comment: 34 page

Inhabiting domestic space: becoming different in the early iron age westermediterranean

The archaeology of indigenous houses in the western Mediterranean during the Orientalising period has been largely neglected. Scholars have traditionally focused on funerary contexts and the 'Orientalising' style of native elites, to the point that we know little of the everyday life of people before and during colonial contact in Italy and Iberia. Drawing on the Deleuzian concept of becoming (different), this study explores the flow of continuities and discontinuities in houses and household activities in two western Mediterranean regions-the Bay of Naples in Italy and southern Spain-between the ninth and sixth century bc. The aim is to obtain a better understanding of the close relationships between domestic space, people, material culture, memory, sensorial experiences, and sociocultural practices in these two areas over a period of almost 400 years.</jats:p

Distorted Narratives: Morocco, Spain, and the Colonial Stratigraphy of Cultural Heritage

International cultural development projects entail a neoliberal agenda that frequently echoes colonial ideologies and discourses. Using the case study of Chaouen, a northern city in Morocco, I argue in this paper that former colonies and aid-receiving countries usually overlap, and serve the former metropolises to continue controlling the former colony’s human and economic resources. I discuss how the former colonial power, in this case Spain, regulates and promotes a particular heritage discourse that has conveniently been depoliticised. I further contend that in line with previous colonial narratives, Spain has silenced the painful history of struggle and resilience of the inhabitants of Chaouen

Dietary habits in the endangered Bearded Vulture Gypaetus barbatus from Upper Pleistocene to modern times in Spain: a paleobiological conservation perspective

Although most Old World vulture species are declining or threatened in Asia and Africa, in Europe healthy vulture populations still exist. However, recent application of sanitary legislation that has greatly reduced the availability of animal carcasses is now a concern for conservationists. Until now, no studies have been undertaken to determine long-term dietary shifts in these species in Europe, but such studies are essential to optimising the resources invested in conservation and to anticipating the ecological needs of the target species. Here, we present a first attempt to examine the dietary variation in the Bearded Vulture Gypaetus barbatus from the late Pleistocene to the present day. Medium-size wild ungulates such as southern chamois Rupicapra pyrenaica, Spanish ibex Capra pyrenaica, red deer Cervus elaphus and roe deer Capreolus capreolus dominate the diet during the Pleistocene supporting the hypothesis that Bearded Vulture distribution was largely determined by the presence of such species. On the contrary, domestic species, such as sheep Ovis aries and goat Capra hircus, are the most common taxa in the diet in modern and historic periods. The actual dependence of the species on livestock, along with a restrictive sanitary legislation, threaten the conservation of this and other endangered avian scavengers in Europe. This new paleobiological conservation perspective confirms that efforts to establish a self-sustaining Bearded Vulture population should be enhanced by the widespread availability of medium-sized wild ungulates and by the presence of extensive and traditional grazing practice

Stationary and moving breathers in a simplified model of curved alpha--helix proteins

The existence, stability and movability of breathers in a model for alpha-helix proteins is studied. This model basically consists a chain of dipole moments parallel to it. The existence of localized linear modes brings about that the system has a characteristic frequency, which depends on the curvature of the chain. Hard breathers are stable, while soft ones experiment subharmonic instabilities that preserve, however the localization. Moving breathers can travel across the bending point for small curvature and are reflected when it is increased. No trapping of breathers takes place.Comment: 19 pages, 11 figure

Influencia de las variaciones de la densidad en la cobertera de los cinturones de pliegues y cabalgamientos: aportación de la modelización analógica en centrifugadora

We present an innovative centrifuge analogue modelling approach to evaluate the influence of density contrast on structure location and vergence affecting thin-skinned compressional settings. Our natural prototype involves a detached foreland basin characterized by a basal ductile evaporitic décollement overlain by a brittle-like cover comprising a set of rock density variations. The experimental programme included gravity spreading and shortening characterized by density contrast up to 0.5 gr/cm3. Density contrast boundaries were designed perpendicular to the shortening except for one case, where it was parallel. Under no horizontal stress conditions, i.e. the tectonically quiescence context, just the centrifuge force (up to almost 900g), the cover depicts a syncline-anticline structure were the inflexion point was localized along the density contrast boundary. Moreover, wavelength and amplitude increased following the density contrast rise. In compression, density contrast boundaries perpendicular to the shortening direction controlled the vergence of the developed structuresSe presenta un estudio basado en la modelización analógica en centrifugadora que analiza la influencia que tienen las variaciones laterales de densidad de las rocas en la localización y vergencia de las estructuras afectadas por una tectónica de piel fina en contextos compresivos. El prototipo natural esta constituido por una cuenca de antepaís cabalgante a favor de un nivel de despegue dúctil sobre el cual se apoya una cobertera frágil caracterizada por variaciones laterales de la densidad. El programa experimental incluye experimentos en ausencia de esfuerzos horizontales y compresivos donde los contrastes de densidad varían por debajo de 0,5 gr/cm3. Los límites entre dominios con diferente densidad son perpendiculares al acortamiento salvo en un caso donde es paralelo. En ausencia de esfuerzos horizontales, aplicando la fuerza centrífuga (hasta 900g) se desarrolla una estructura sinclinal-anticlinal cuyo punto de inflexión coincide con el límite entre diferentes densidades y cuya longitud de onda y amplitud aumentan a medida que aumenta el contraste de densidad. En contextos compresivos, los contrastes de densidad localizados perpendicularmente al acortamiento controlan la vergencia de las estructura

A Discussion on Fall Detection Issues and Its Deployment: When cloud meets battery

IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing and Big Data Analysis (3rd. 2018., Chengdu, China

Control strategies for Energy Recovery Ventilators in the South of Europe for residential nZEB. Quantitative analysis of the air conditioning demand

Mechanical ventilation systems are essential for ensuring the indoor quality of air in nZEB (nearly Zero Energy Buildings) with a high level of airtightness. In cold countries, it has already been demonstrated that Heat Recovery Ventilators (HRV) recovering the sensible energy from air ventilation are needed to achieve the energy demand goals for nZEB set by Passivhaus. In tropical areas with hot temperatures and high relative humidity in the ambient air, the necessity of recovering latent and sensible energy with Energy Recovery Ventilators (ERV) has also been demonstrated. However, in warm climates with medium relative humidity levels, for example in cities located on the Mediterranean coast, the evaluation of the effectiveness of an EVR for residential buildings has to be analyzed and optimized. This article establishes the effectiveness of several control strategies for ventilation air systems including ERV with the aim of optimizing the air conditioning energy demand of dwellings located in several cities in the South of Europe. Possible control strategies have been analyzed to minimize the undesirable operation of ERVs which could otherwise increase the air conditioning energy demand for winter and summer seasons. The impact of the latent effectiveness and the effect of free-cooling on the air conditioning energy demand is also studied

A simple noninvasive pressure–time index at the mouth to measure respiratory load during acute exacerbation of COPD A comparison with normal volunteers

AbstractWe assessed the validity of the pressure–time index (PTI) measured at the mouth as a noninvasive and simplified alternative to conventional tension–time index for assessing respiratory load and inspiratory muscle force reserve. PTI was measured within 48 h of hospital admission and at 24 h before discharge in 37 consecutive patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) using the equation PTI = (Pawo/MIP)(TI/TT)100, where Pawo is the mean airway pressure measured at the mouth, MIP the maximal inspiratory pressure, andTI /TT the inspiratory time (TI) to total cycle length (TT) ratio. Controls were 30 normal volunteers with similar anthropometric features. Mean (± SD) PTI values were significantly higher in COPD patients (0.29 ± 0.10) than in controls (0.11 ± 0.04) (P<0.001) primarily because MIP and TI/TT were significantly lower and Pawo was higher in the COPD population than in controls. As a result of improvement of the respiratory condition, PTI values were significantly lower at discharge (0.20±0.10 vs. 0.29±0.10, P<0.001) due to a drop in Pawo and an increase in MIP. The accuracy of different PTI cutpoints was assessed by comparison of the receiver operating characteristics curves. Best cutpoint values for differentiating COPD patients on admission and at hospital discharge from controls were 0.13 (positive predictive value 76%) and 0.17 (positive predictive value 92%), respectively. Noninvasive PTI measured at the mouth provides a valid and easy method for assessing respiratory muscle load and reserve. Changes in PTI values reflect functional improvement following treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD

Health problems of family caregivers of people over 65 suffering from chronic renal failure: a systematic review

La insuficiencia renal crónica exige unos cuidados específicos, continuos y variados, lo que afecta a la salud de los cuidadores familiares. Por ello, nos planteamos conocer los problemas de salud de los cuidadores familiares de personas afectadas de insuficiencia renal crónica mayores de 65 años, debido al mayor riesgo y prevalencia a partir de esta edad. Para este fin, se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica en diferentes bases de datos, nacionales e internacionales, de los últimos diez años. Se seleccionaron 19 estudios. Estos hacen referencia a la influencia de la severidad de la carga y a la disminución de la calidad de vida de estos cuidadores, siendo las alteraciones psicológicas los problemas de salud mayormente expuestos. Este conocimiento puede servir para establecer estrategias de abordaje socio-sanitario, que conduzcan hacia la mejora de la calidad de vida, no solo de los cuidadores sino también, de los pacientes